My goal in this reflection, is not to make a comprehensive study of marriage among the Soninke community. This is simply to give an idea of how the Soninke celebrate their marriage. This topic can be a serious scientific study and complete may allow for those who wish to deepen their knowledge, to have sufficient information and detail on the different stages of marriage Soninke.
Marriage among the Soninke community is traditionally among members of the same clan. The different steps of this marriage, if it is a boy and a girl who marry for the first time, rigorously designed, monitored and treated by parents. The young man who falls in love with a girl who is in most cases his cousin, speaks at a Niahamala who will inform parents of the girl and those of the young boy.
Once both parties agree, the parents decide to inform other members of their families and village marabout who will "build" a marriage by religious ceremony where the boy's representative which may be his father or family member present witnesses, enter marriage with the blessing of Imam of the village. But first, after the betrothal of the young bride and groom start to go flat in the village through the "phone Arab," the young man can do an initial gesture, which will demonstrate its good will and good faith to marry the girl carrying the "tamm.
tamm This is thus regarded as a sort of "brand" which will close the door for other suitors. Which is to say that marriage among the Soninke traditionally followed, after parental consent of the intending spouses, two main steps. The first step tamm is the granting of which is a symbol of solid guarantee of the young man's determination to marry the girl. Second, it is the payment of dowry, which can also be done on the eve of the wedding. However, nowadays, the younger generations, probably influenced by schooling and contact with Western civilization "modern", are beginning to question some stages of marriage Soninke.
Thus marriage "endogenous" that is, in this context, not to take a woman in her clan is rigorously questioned. As with any challenge, there is always nostalgic for tradition. In most cases, old and young who have not been in contact with the Western world, either by school or by immigration, remain strongly attached to traditional customs of marriage. While young people who have attended school or who have been in contact with the European world through immigration protest against these customs they consider to be outdated.
The day of the celebration of marriage, the bride and groom invite their "fedalemu" to spend the day together playing cards or listening to music. Marriage among Soninke kings hard days. On the eve of marriage, the young man chooses from among his trusted friends, someone who would become his "housmanta. The housmanta is sort of the right arm of the bridegroom. He is responsible for assisting the groom throughout the wedding. The girl, too, is among his intimate friends, a girl or young woman who will play almost the same role as the boy's housmanta.
After three days of festivities, the guests begin to take leave of the newlyweds. But both housmanta remain with them until the release of "kerri Kompo (bridal chamber) Bride, a week later. On the seventh day, therefore, the friends of the bride would, together, do the laundry for the newlyweds. This detergent is a collective opportunity to publicly present "evidence" of the virginity of the girl, exposing the white sheet on which the bride and groom spent their first wedding night. But this custom begins to disappear completely from the Soninke marriage.
after washing collective above, parents of both bride and groom come together to present the clothes and other household goods of the bride. In rural Soninke, as in most African societies traditional and modern, the youth is required to prepare before the wedding, a suitcase for his future wife. Similarly, parents of the latter preparation, since their daughter is beginning to be puberty, their suitcases and all household goods that now enliven the life of the young wife in the home of her future husband.
SOUMARE Zakaria Demba
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